The objective of the present study is to identify and prioritize the factors influencing the success and failure of platform ecosystems in technology firms. The research method, in line with its purpose, is applied–developmental, and in terms of its nature, follows an exploratory mixed‑method design (qualitative–quantitative). The statistical population includes 15 industry and academic experts in the qualitative phase and 12 experts in the quantitative phase. A semi‑structured interview was used as the data collection instrument. For data analysis, thematic analysis was conducted in MAXQDA 2024 in the qualitative phase, and in the quantitative phase, the factors were prioritized using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). Four‑scenario sensitivity analysis and Friedman and Spearman tests were employed to validate the robustness of the results.Findings from the qualitative phase indicate that 36 open codes, 12 sub‑themes, and ultimately 6 success factors and 6 failure factors were identified. The quantitative results show that the most important success factors are, respectively, “positive network effects” (weight = 0.382), “transparent and fair governance” (0.245), and “effective complementor management” (0.163). Conversely, the key failure factors consist of “multi‑homing migration” (0.351), “unsustainable revenue model” (0.228), and “negative network effects” (0.175). The consistency ratios of the matrices (CR = 0.05 for success and CR = 0.07 for failure) indicate acceptable reliability in the judgments.A three‑layer integrated framework was proposed comprising, for success: foundational prerequisites, core drivers, and sustaining mechanisms; and for failure: primary threat, structural threats, and contextual threats. Platform managers should prioritize strengthening positive network effects, enhancing governance transparency, and mitigating multi‑homing migration.